The Gambia
The Gambia is one of Africa's smallest countries and has enjoyed long spells of stability and peace since independance in 1965. Located in West Africa and surrounded by Senegal on the northern, eastern and southern borders. In the west the Atlantic Ocean creates a natural border with long and unspoilt beaches. The country is named after the river Gambia which flows through the country's centre and empties in the Atlantic Ocean.
President of the Republic of the Gambia is H.E. Prof. Dr. Alhagie Yayha Jammeh who came to power in 1994 and heads the government in the capital of Banjul. The largest urban area is Serrekunda.
The Gambia was once a part of the great Mali Empire but during the 15th century the colonistion started. by the Portuguese and later the British. Because of the river and it strategic location Gambia played an important role in the slave trade. Through the centuries over as many as 3 million slaves may have been taken from the region. Places like Albreda, Juffureh and St. James Island are visited by many tourist because of their centre role in this trade. On the 18th of February 1965 The Gambia gained independance as a constitutional monarchy within the Commenwealth of Nations. On April 24th 1970 The Gambia became a Republic.
The climate is sub tropical with a short rainy season (July - September) and a dry season which attracts many tourist, mainly from Europe, who come to enjoy the ideal temperatures and to explore the country, it's people and rich culture. Islam is the predominant religion (90%) but is not a state religion. The Christian community represents about 8%. The religions respect each other and all major Muslim and Christian holidays are observed.
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A wide variety of ethnic group live in The Gambia with no intertribal friction, each preserving its own language and traditions. The Mandinka tribe is the largest followed by Fula, Wolof, Jola and Serahule. Just more then half of the population lives in the rural villages whilst the urban areas keep attracting more inhabitants. Although there is, especially in the urban areas, a Western influence the local traditions, dress, extended family and celebration remain part of everyday life. Gambian culture is known for its excellent music and dancing.
Although the country has limited natural resources it is agriculturally rich and the economy is dominated by farming, fishing and tourism which is market-based. Export and re-export are gaining importantance in the economy.